Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Interference with pancreatic sympathetic signaling halts the onset of diabetes in mice

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abb2878

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Depletion of macrophages from RIP-LCMV-GP mice by clodronate liposomes during onset of T1D was protective against the development of hyperglycemia (Student’s t test on day 12, * P < 0.05 on day 12). ( B to E ) Pancreatic macrophages in healthy, uninfected mice expressed both α 1 and β 2 adrenoceptors, and intra-islet macrophages had a higher expression of β 2 adrenoceptors (C) and tendencies of higher expression of α 1 adrenoceptors (B) than exocrine macrophages (flow plots representative of n = 4 mice). (D) A biotinylated nonselective β blocker, alprenolol, was used as an additional detection method for β adrenoceptors. Mean fluorescence intensities of receptor staining from four mice (Student’s t test, * P < 0.05) are presented in (E). FMO, fluorescence minus one. a.u., arbitrary units. ( F ) Isolated islet macrophages were stimulated with 10 −6 and 10 −8 M norepinephrine (NE) in vitro and shifted their expression of cytokines. The heatmap displays log 2 transforms of quantitative cytokine concentrations in cell lysates (absolute values in fig. S3). ( G ) Islet-resident macrophages were isolated and stimulated with 10 −8 M NE in the presence or absence of an α 1 (prazosin) or a β 2 (butoxamine) adrenoceptor antagonist ( n = 3 mice in two independent experiments, one-way ANOVA). # P < 0.05 compared to unstimulated control and ¤ P < 0.05 compared to the NE-stimulated group.

Article Snippet: A biotinylated nonselective β blocker (biotin-alprenolol; CellMosaic) was used as an alternative approach to detect β adrenoceptors. eBioscience strepatavidin phycoerythrin (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used for fluorescence detection.

Techniques: Liposomes, Expressing, Fluorescence, Staining, Isolation, In Vitro, Control